PRONUNCIATION ANIMATIONS

Modal verbs

MODAL VERBS

• Ability and permission: can, could, be able to, be allowed to
• Possibility and deduction: may, might, can, could, must (certainty), can't
• Obligation and necessity: must, have to, need, 
• Giving advice: should, ought to
• Lack of obligation: don’t have to,  needn’t to
• Prohibition: mustn’t

PERFECT MODALS

• Advisability: asking for & giving advice about an action that has already occurred. (it may create a sense of regret or blame)

             - SHOULD/OUGHT TO + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
             - MIGHT/COULD + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE

• Degrees of certainty: making assumptions or conclusions about PAST actions or situations.

             - MUST + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE ( logical conclusion/deduction, certain 95%)
             - COULD/HAVE/MIGHT + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE (not certain - 50%)
             - COULDN'T + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE (impossibility)

Practice

• Modal verbs I
• Modal verbs II
• Lots of  different exercises
•  Modal verbs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
•  Modal perfects 1 2

PASSIVE VOICE

Revise the grammar rules with this webpage in case you need it.

Also, you can watch this video and learn how to make sentences in the passive voice.


MORE PRACTICE
Exercises on passive voice, online and downloadable
Have something done
Exercise 1. Englisch-hilfen. 7 exercises.
Exercise 2. Ego4u. Lots of exercises
Exercise 3. Better-english. Rewrite the sentences using a passive form.
Exercise 4. Self-Test Quizz.
Exercise 5. Nonstopenglish. Intermediate level.
Exercise 6. Sentences on Harry Potter and the Philosopher Stone.
Exercise 7. Gap-Fill exercise.
Exercise 8. Man with a Dream Text. Find 7 passives.
Exercise 9. Read and Make the passive sentence.